Who has the authority to sign bills into law?

The authority to sign bills into law resides with the President of the United States. Once both chambers of Congress (the House of Representatives and the Senate) have approved a bill, it is sent to the President for approval. The President can then choose to sign the bill into law, which is the final step necessary for a bill to become official legislation. This process underscores the President's role in the legislative process and highlights the checks and balances established by the U.S. Constitution.

In contrast, the Vice President does not have the authority to sign bills; they serve primarily as a supporting role and can break ties in the Senate. The Secretary of State does not engage in the legislative process, as their responsibilities are focused on foreign affairs, and the Chief Justice primarily handles judicial matters and does not participate in the legislative process. Thus, the President's role as the signatory of bills reflects their executive powers and responsibilities.