What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

The two parts of the U.S. Congress are indeed the House of Representatives and the Senate. This bicameral structure is fundamental to the legislative branch of the United States government as established by the Constitution.

The House of Representatives is composed of members who are elected to represent specific congressional districts, with the number of representatives from each state determined by its population. This allows for proportional representation, meaning that larger states have more representatives than smaller ones.

The Senate, on the other hand, consists of two senators from each state, regardless of population, which ensures equal representation for all states in the legislative process. This structure was created as a compromise to balance the interests of populous states against those of smaller states.

Understanding this structure is essential, as it reflects the intended checks and balances within the government, granting different powers and responsibilities to each chamber. The House generally focuses on revenue and budget measures, while the Senate often acts on foreign treaties and presidential appointments, reflecting their unique roles within the legislative process.